What is the function of a Network Interface Card (NIC)?

The function of a Network Interface Card (NIC) is to connect a computer to a network and facilitate communication. A NIC serves as an interface between the computer's internal network and the external network (such as the internet or a local area network). It enables the computer to send and receive data packets over the network, allowing devices to communicate with each other. This connectivity is essential for tasks such as accessing the internet, sharing files, and communicating with other devices on the same network.

The NIC may also carry out functions such as converting data from the computer into a format suitable for transmission over the chosen network media (e.g., Ethernet or Wi-Fi), providing error detection, and managing the data packet flow. Its primary role is integral to networking, making it a fundamental component in enabling connectivity and communication.